NIOS Biology 28 Nutrition and Health Intext Questions Solutions

Class 12 NIOS Biology Intext Solutions Chapter 28

INTEXT QUESTIONS 28.1

1. Define nutrition and nutrients. 

Ans: 

• Nutrition: The Sum of the processes by which an organism takes in, metabolises, and utilises food substances.
• Nutrients: Substances that help in maintaining proper health and are required for the survival of an individual.

2. Name the various nutrients of food.

Ans: Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, minerals, vitamins, and water.

3. Differentiate between macronutrients and micronutrients.

Ans: 

• Nutrients required in large quantities are called macronutrients, such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and water.
• Nutrients required in small amounts are micronutrients, e.g,. minerals and vitamins

4. Name the following :

(i) two water-soluble vitamins

(ii) two sources of roughage

(iii) two sources of proteins

Ans:

• (i) Water-soluble: vitamins B and C
• (ii) leafy vegetables, fruits
• (iii) milk, fish.

5. If equal amounts of sugar and butter are consumed, which one will provide more energy?

Ans: Butter

INTEXT QUESTIONS 28.2

1. Define malnutrition.

Ans: The condition resulting from a lack of essential nutrients in the diet is malnutrition. 

2. What is PEM? Name two diseases caused due to PEM.

Ans: Protein Energy Malnutrition; Marasmus, Kwashiorkor

3. A person has low haemoglobin content, tires easily and looks pale. Name the disease he is suffering from.

Ans: Anaemia

4. Give two food items which can prevent vitamin D deficiency.

Ans: milk, cod liver oil, egg yolk, exposure to light (Any two)

INTEXT QUESTIONS 28.3

1. List any two causes of obesity.

Ans: Overeating, lack of exercise, and hormonal imbalance.

2. Suggest two methods to prevent obesity.  

Ans: Avoid fried food, carbohydrates, take regular exercise, eat green leafy vegetables (Any two).

3. Mention two symptoms of excessive intake of Iron.

Ans: Constipation, Diarrhoea, epigastric pain (any two).

4. Define hypervitaminosis. Name two vitamins which, when taken regularly in diet, cause hypervitaminosis.

Ans: Excess presence of vitamins in the body. vitamin A and D.

Additional Study Materials

• Chapter 25 Principles of Ecology
• Chapter 26 Conservation and Use of Natural Resources
• Chapter 27 Pollution