Class 12 NIOS Biology Intext Solutions Chapter 28
INTEXT QUESTIONS 28.1
1. Define nutrition and nutrients.
Ans:
- Nutrition: The Sum of the processes by which an organism takes in, metabolises, and utilises food substances.
- Nutrients: Substances that help in maintaining proper health and are required for the survival of an individual.
2. Name the various nutrients of food.
Ans: Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, minerals, vitamins, and water.
3. Differentiate between macronutrients and micronutrients.
Ans:
- Nutrients required in large quantities are called macronutrients, such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and water.
- Nutrients required in small amounts are micronutrients, e.g,. minerals and vitamins
4. Name the following :
(i) two water-soluble vitamins
(ii) two sources of roughage
(iii) two sources of proteins
Ans:
- (i) Water-soluble: vitamins B and C
- (ii) leafy vegetables, fruits
- (iii) milk, fish.
5. If equal amounts of sugar and butter are consumed, which one will provide more energy?
Ans: Butter
INTEXT QUESTIONS 28.2
1. Define malnutrition.
Ans: The condition resulting from a lack of essential nutrients in the diet is malnutrition.
2. What is PEM? Name two diseases caused due to PEM.
Ans: Protein Energy Malnutrition; Marasmus, Kwashiorkor
3. A person has low haemoglobin content, tires easily and looks pale. Name the disease he is suffering from.
Ans: Anaemia
4. Give two food items which can prevent vitamin D deficiency.
Ans: milk, cod liver oil, egg yolk, exposure to light (Any two)
INTEXT QUESTIONS 28.3
1. List any two causes of obesity.
Ans: Overeating, lack of exercise, and hormonal imbalance.
2. Suggest two methods to prevent obesity.
Ans: Avoid fried food, carbohydrates, take regular exercise, eat green leafy vegetables (Any two).
3. Mention two symptoms of excessive intake of Iron.
Ans: Constipation, Diarrhoea, epigastric pain (any two).
4. Define hypervitaminosis. Name two vitamins which, when taken regularly in diet, cause hypervitaminosis.
Ans: Excess presence of vitamins in the body. vitamin A and D.
Additional Study Materials
- Chapter 25 Principles of Ecology
- Chapter 26 Conservation and Use of Natural Resources
- Chapter 27 Pollution
