CBSE Class 12 Horticulture Question paper 2020 Solved

Class 12 Horticulture PYQ 2020 Solved Paper

SECTION A

(Employability Skills)

Answer any 4 questions out of the given 6 questions of 1 mark each. 1×4=4

1. Lack of _________ can generate a lot of negativity and animosity among employees. 1

• (A) Negotiation
• (B) Argument
• (C) Ideas
• (D) Ethics

2. ‘Self-control’ or ‘Self-regulation’ is also known as ‘Self- _________.’ 1

Ans: Management (Self-management). 

3. Self-management is the ability to regulate one’s emotions, _________, and behaviour effectively in different situations. 1

Ans: Thoughts

4. Which of the following enables us to send the same letter to different persons in MS Word ? 1

• (A) Mail Copy
• (B) Mail Insert
• (C) Mail Join
• (D) Mail Merge

5. Unplanned shopping is known as 1

• (A) Consumer shopping
• (B) A warranty
• (C) Impulse buying
• (D) Comparison shopping

6. As environment around us affects all aspects of our life, so all our day-to-day activities also affect the _________. 1

Ans: Environment

Answer any 3 questions out of the given 5 questions of 2 marks each. 2×3=6

7. Write any two disadvantages of verbal communication. 2

• Lacks a permanent record
• Easily misinterpreted
• Potentially leads to a misunderstanding

8. Describe ‘self-confidence’ and ‘problem-solving’ under self-management. 2

• Self-management, which is also referred to as ‘self-control’ or ‘self-regulation’, is the ability to regulate one’s emotions, thoughts, and behaviour effectively in different situations.
• Problem solving is understanding a problem and finding a solution using a step-by-step method. 

9. Write two popular operating systems for smartphones. 2

Ans: Android and iOS. 

10. Enlist any two benefits of team building. 2

• Better  work efficiency
• Division of work makes achieving goals easier. 

11. What is an ecosystem ? 2

Ans: An ecosystem is the community of living and non-living beings existing together, and interacting with and supporting each other. It is the perfect balance where every species can survive.

SECTION B

(Subject Skills) 

Answer any 10 questions out of the given 12 questions of 1 mark each. 110=10

12. When was the Directorate of Floricultural Research in ICAR started? 1

• (A) 2000
• (B) 2005
• (C) 2010
• (D) 2013

13. Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan-173230 (H.P.) was established in _________. 1

Ans: 1985

14. Focal point is commonly created in _________ area of a home garden. 1

Ans: Central

15. The garden laid below the ground level is called 1

• (A) Marsh garden
• (B) Paved garden
• (C) Sunken garden
• (D) Terrace garden

16. CAD is the abbreviated form of _________. 1

Ans: Computer-Aided Design

17. Which is the most common and frequent operation in lawn management? 1

• (A) Mowing
• (B) Raking
• (C) Rolling
• (D) Spiking

18. Cacti and other succulent plants do well in a humidity range of _____ to _________%.

Ans: 30 to 50%

19. Rose is the national flower of the USA, Iran, New Zealand, and _________. 1

Ans: Maldives

20. The largest orchid genus is _______ which is temperate in nature and has some 2000 species. 1

Ans: Bulbophyllum

21. The first school of Ikebana was _________. 1

Ans: Ikenobo

22. Which of the following annuals is most suitable for air drying? 1

• (A) Anaphalis
• (B) Paper flower
• (C) Straw flower
• (D) All of the above

23. Roses for cut flowers are harvested when its ______ to _____ petals begin to unfold.

Ans: 1 to 2 

Attempt any 5 questions from the given 7 questions of 2 marks each. 2×5=10

24. Name the National flower of India, Japan, and England. 2

Ans: Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera), Sakura Blossom, and Tudor Rose. 

25. Mention scientific names of two plants suitable for making hedge. 2

Ans: Bougainvillea spectabilis and Euphorbia antiquorum.

26. Name one grass for tropical, and one for temperate areas for lawn making. 2

Ans: Bermuda Grass. 

27. Name two such plants that survive well in rooms and where day temperature remains nearly 18 -24 °C hot. 2

Ans: Snake Plant (Sansevieria trifasciata) 

Pothos (Epipremnum aureum)

28. Write two cut flower varieties of roses for export purposes. 2

Ans: Christian Dior, Happiness, Montezuma, Queen Elizabeth, Sea Pearl, and Super Star. (Any two)

29. Name two leading dry flower importing countries. 2

Ans: Nigeria, France, the United Kingdom, Belgium, and Japan.

30. For pre-cooling, Gladiolus cut flowers after harvesting are kept at what temperature, and in which solution and with what concentration ? 2

Ans: Gladiolus spikes pre-cooled at 4°C.

Aluminum sulphate or citric acid (300 ppm) solution. 

Attempt any 5 questions from the given 7 questions of 3 marks each. 3×5=15

31. Will production of ornamental planting materials be a successful option as an enterprise? 3

Ans: Yes, the production of ornamental planting materials can be a successful enterprise. With increasing urbanization, demand for landscaping, indoor decoration, and aesthetic gardening is rising. This includes flowering plants, foliage plants, bonsai, succulents, and seasonal plants, which offer good market potential, especially in urban and peri-urban areas.

32. Enlist general functions of home landscaping. 3

Ans: General functions of home landscaping include:

• Providing aesthetic beauty and enhancing property value
• Creating functional outdoor spaces for relaxation and recreation
• Offering privacy, noise reduction, and microclimate improvement
• Promoting environmental benefits like reducing soil erosion and attracting wildlife

33. What is a paved garden? How is it made and what plants are planted there? 3

Ans: A paved garden is a landscape area where most of the surface is covered with paving materials like tiles, stones, or bricks, leaving space for planting in between or at the edges.
It is made by laying down a hard surface and arranging design patterns for walking or seating.
Suitable plants include Lantana sellowiana, Dianthus deltoides, Euphorbia, and low-growing shrubs or groundcovers.

34. What is AutoCAD ? 3

Ans: AutoCAD is a Computer-Aided Design (CAD) software developed by Autodesk. It is used for creating 2D and 3D designs, drafting, and documentation in various fields like architecture, landscaping, engineering, and construction. It helps in the precise and professional planning of garden layouts and landscapes.

35. Why is mowing done in lawns? Write its methods. 3

Ans: Mowing is done in lawns to maintain a uniform height, improve appearance, encourage dense growth, and control weeds.
Methods include:

• Manual mowing using hand-pushed mowers
• Mechanical mowing using electric or fuel-powered mowers
• Cylinder and rotary mowing, depending on grass type and cutting height requirements
  

36. Which cut flowers are grown under protected cultivation in India? State the plant density and day/night temperature requirements of Gerbera in the polyhouse. 3

Ans: Cut flowers grown under protected cultivation in India include Gerbera, Carnation, Rose, Lilium, and Chrysanthemum.
For Gerbera:

• Plant density: 6–8 plants/m²
• Day temperature: 24–28°C
• Night temperature: 12–16°C

37. What is ‘pot-pourri’ of flowers and how is it prepared? 3

Ans: Pot-pourris are mixtures of dried flower petals, leaves, and fragrant plant parts used to create a pleasant scent indoors.
They are prepared by drying colorful and aromatic flowers like rose, marigold, or lavender, and mixing them with fixatives like orris root powder and essential oils. The mix is then stored in a sealed container for curing before being displayed in bowls or sachets.

Attempt any 3 questions from the given 5 questions of 5 marks each. 5×3=15

38. Define bog/marsh garden and state where in the garden these are created. Also, name three plants suitable for planting in such gardens. 5

Ans: A Bog garden is an area where there is stagnant acidic water, and only plants such as sundew, butterwort, etc. grow.

It is created where the soil is not sour or acidic, and a shallow stream or trickle runs through it. The main criterion of a marsh garden is to keep it moist and in a swampy state all throughout.

Eg. Butterwort, sundew. 

39. State the floral uses of Tuberose, its family, names of its two varieties, soil types and climatic requirements, and its propagation methods. 5

Ans: Family: Agavaceae

Floral uses: 

• Flowers are used for artistic garlands, floral ornaments, bouquets and buttonholes.
• Flowers are the source of the tuberose oil.
• Fragrant flowers are added along with stimulants or sedatives to the favourite beverage prepared from chocolate and served either hot or cold as desired.

Climate: Tuberose grows in a mild climate without extremes of high or low temperatures. 

Propagation: Through bulbs, division of bulbs, seeds, and tissue culture. 

40. Why is protected cultivation of flowers done? 5

Ans: 

• Ensures the production of any plant at any place and throughout the year.
• Blemish-free, high-quality product (flowers and planting material)
• Easy to control insect pests and diseases
• Water requirement reduces up to 30 per cent.
• Earliness as well as reduced crop duration

41. Describe the basic styles of flower arrangement. 5

Ans: There are three basic geometric designs, viz., Line Arrangements, Mass Arrangements, and Line-Mass Arrangements.

• Line Arrangements of Flowers: This type of arrangement has a linear pattern and is mostly adapted from Japanese designs. The peculiar characteristic of this style is that it emphasises simply individual flowers and foliage, etc, that form the linear arrangement easily.
• Mass Arrangement of Flowers: Here, the major focus is given to colour and mass of flowers and foliage used rather than individual bloom. Generally, it was observed that round or mass shapes usually dominate, but spiky or linear forms are good for triangular arrangements.
• Line Mass Arrangements of Flowers: This arrangement is the combination of Line arrangement and Mass arrangement. In simpler terms, they used to combine the linear form of Japanese style and the Mass form of European style. Line-mass designs have an open form with symmetrical or asymmetrical balance.

42. Describe the flower harvesting stage of Carnations, its pulsing treatment, storage of flowers, and grading. 5

Ans: Stages of flower harvesting:

• Standard cultivars for the local market are harvested when flowers are half-opened or at the painting brush stage, or the outer petals are perpendicular to the stem, while for distant markets, cross is developed on the buds and colour is visible.
• Spray cultivars are harvested for the local market when two flowers have opened, and others have shown colour, while for the distant market, when 50% flowers have shown colour. 

Pulsing:

Pulsing is the postharvest treatment of cut flowers (before packaging and transport) with sucrose, anti-ethylene and antimicrobial compounds, which keeps the flower fresh till it reaches the consumer. Here concentration of sucrose is important. For carnation sucrose (20%) concentration for 12-16 hours at 20°C, 2000 lux light intensity is the optimum for pulsing.

Storage of flowers:

Flowers of carnation cut at the paint brush stage can be stored under refrigerated conditions for 3 weeks at 4±1 °C, both under wet and dry conditions ( in polypropylene sleeves) and at 0±1 °C for a longer duration (>16 weeks) in dry conditions. During wet storage, a high R H of 90-95% should be maintained, and flowers must be shielded against direct streams of cold air from the cooler. Before storage, the flowers should be pretreated with anti-ethylene preservatives. Carnation flowers cut at the bud stage can, however, be stored for a prolonged duration. After storage, the buds can be opened in the preservative solution containing 70g/l sucrose, 50 mg/l AgNO, and 200 mg/l 8-HQC. Before storage, the buds should be sprayed with fungicides 3 such as Rovral @ 0.1%, to control gray mold in storage.

Grading: 

The Society of American Florists set the following inspection criteria for carnation cut flowers.

• Bright, clean, firm flowers and leaves
• Fairly tight petals near the centre of the unopened flowers
• Symmetrical in flower shape and size
• No split or mended calyx
• No lateral buds or suckers
• No decay or damage
• Straight stem and normal growth
• No sleepy appearance

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