Class 12

CBSE Class 12 Home Science 2019 Paper Solved

General Instructions :

(i) All questions are compulsory.

(ii) There are a total of 25 questions.

(iii) Questions no. 1 – 6 are for 1 mark, to be answered in one or two lines.

(iv) Questions no. 7 – 13 are of 2 marks, to be answered in 10 – 20 words.

(v) Questions no. 14 – 15 are of 3 marks, to be answered in 20 – 30 words.

(vi) Questions no. 16 – 21 are of 4 marks, to be answered in 40 words.

(vii) Questions no. 22 – 25 are of 5 marks, to be answered in 50 – 60 words.

(viii) Support your answers with suitable examples wherever required.

SECTION A (1 Mark)

1. Name any two food items which are given ISI mark.

Ans: Mineral Water/ Milk Powder/ Condensed Milk/ Custard Powder/ Infant Food/ Biscuits/ Any other

Mention one possible adulterant each found in bura sugar and pure ghee.

Ans: i) Bura Sugar – Washing Soda/ Chalk Powder (Any one)

ii) Pure Ghee – Vanaspati Ghee/ Starch (Any one)

2. Write any two activities which are done under MGNREGA.

Ans: Activities under MGNREGA:

i) Road construction
ii) Toilet construction
iii) Poultry and goat shelter
iv) Manure/ vermi composting
v) Recharging groundwater (Any other)

3. Name one grease absorbent and one acid which are used to remove stains from garments.

Ans: Grease Absorbant

i) Talcum Powder
ii) Bran
iii) French Chalk
iv) Powdered Magnesia
v) Fuller’s Earth (Any One)

Acid

i) Acetic Acid/ Vinegar
ii) Citric Acid/ Lemon
iii) Oxalic Acid
iv) Tartaric Acid / Tomato (Any one)

4. Convince your brother to invest in a fixed deposit scheme of a bank by telling him its two benefits.

Ans: Benefits of Fixed Deposit

i) Loan Facility
ii) Tax Rebate up to 1.5 lakh for 5 years
iii) High Rate of interest
iv) Safe (Any two)

5. With your knowledge of apparel science, suggest two ways you can supplement your family income.

Ans: Ways to supplement

i) Screen print/ Block print/ Tie Dye any article
ii) Embroider suits
iii) Design motifs
iv) Open Boutique
v) Open repair/ alteration unit
vi) Open tailoring Unit
vii) Working in the garment industry (viii) Any other (Any two)

6. Which nutrient deficiency may lead to anemia during pregnancy? How much of this nutrient has been recommended daily for pregnant women by ICMR?

Ans: i) Iron

ii) 35mg

i) Folic Acid

ii) 500 μg(micro gram) (Any one)

Which nutrient is needed for sufficient secretion of mother’s milk? How much of this nutrient should be taken daily by her?

Ans: i) Calcium

ii) 1200 mg

i) Protein

ii) 74 gms/ 68 gms (Any one)

SECTION B (2 Marks)

7. Region and traditions of a family influence their meal plans. Support this statement with the help of two examples each.

Ans: Region

i) Coconut/Seafood included in meals in South India/ Coastal Region
ii) Rice in Hills
iii) Any other (Any two)

Traditions

i) Abstain from non-vegetarian food on certain days
ii) Many families avoid onions, garlic during Navratras
iii) Eat certain foods on festivals– ghewar on Teej, Gujia on Holi, Cakes on Christmas, Sweets on Diwali, Sewiyan on Eid
iv) Any other (Any two)

Every family selects their foods according to their health and food practices. Support this statement with the help of two examples each.

Ans: Health:

i) Light, digestible, and bland foods are selected for invalids
ii) Low sodium or less salt is selected for high Blood Pressure patients
iii) High Fibre foods are selected for constipation
iv) Any other (Any two)

Family Food Practices:

i) Families select roasted spices
ii) Some families select lots of chilies/ spices
iii) Zero oil/ Super foods are selected by families
iv) Any other (Any two)

8. Which four factors influence the choice of colours of your dress?

Ans: Factors:

i) Season — bright colours in winters/ light colours in summers
i) Occasion — bright in marriage, sober in mourning
ii) Time of day — light colours in daytime, dark colours at night
iii) Age — pastel colours for infants, bright for toddlers/ any other
iv) Fashion – example neon colours in fashion
v) Occupation – Colours worn by Doctors – White/ Lawyers – Black and White
vi) Figure – Colours selected according to figure/ complexion/ personal choice
vii) Any other (Any four)

9. On the basis of your observation, which four unhygienic conditions would you like to change in your school canteen?

Ans: Unhygienic Conditions:

i) Utensils were being washed in dirty water.
ii) Food not covered
iii) Using stale food
iv) Dirty surroundings/ near an open drain
v) Presence of pests and rodents
vi) Food handlers not wearing gloves/ caps/ have long, dirty nails
vii) Dust bins- not covered/ not emptied/ not lined
viii) Cob webs/ clogged wire mesh/ grime on exhaust fans (Any four)

10. Your uncle wants to live in an old age home after his wife’s death. Which four facilities should he check to fulfil his physical needs?

Ans: Physical Needs:

i) Private room with attached toilet
ii) Safety from falls, slippage, etc
iii) Medical checkups/ first aid/ ambulance facility
iv) Hygienically prepared balanced meals
v) Clean surroundings
vi) Leveled ground for walks
vii) Building fence for safety
viii) Any other (Any four)

11. Menu for lunch is egg tomato curry with plain paratha. Suggest any two types of modifications in this meal to suit the requirements of a fever patient. Support your answer with examples.

Ans: Modifications:

Change in-

i) Consistency- give tomato soup/ any other
ii) Methods of cooking — roast chapatti instead of frying/ give boiled egg/ any other
iii) Food stuff— avoid egg if allergic/ replace with paneer instead/ any other
iv) Nutrient — add coriander leaves in curry/or soyabean atta in wheat flour /any other
v) Frequency — give this meal at frequent intervals ( Any two )

Suggest two modifications in the meal of idli and sambhar to meet the nutritional needs of an adolescent girl. Give reasons for your suggestions.

Ans: Modifications with reasons:

Modifications in Idli/ Sambhar	Reasons
i. Add grated beetroot/ Green leafy vegetables in idli/ any other	Iron
ii. Add til/ curd/ any other	Calcium
iii. Spinach/ mint – in chutney/ any other	Folic Acid
iv. Add peanuts/ More dal/ Multigrains/ any other	Protein
v. Add drumsticks/ carrots in sambhar/ any other	Vitamin A
vi. Flax seeds/ any other	Zinc
vii. Tomato/ Amla Chutney/ any other	Vitamin C

( Any two with reasons)

12. Twenty-eight-year-old Mohan wants to resign from his job. Suggest four ways he can cope with his job-related responsibilities.

Ans: Ways to cope:

i) Update Knowledge/on-the-Job Training
ii) Cooperate and inculcate Team Spirit
iii) Time and Energy Management
iv) Be open to suggestions/ Understand others’ point of view
v) Systematic/ Plan Ahead
vi) Obey rules and regulations
vii) Adopt a positive Attitude (Any Other, Any four )

13. Family environment plays an important role in shaping the personality of an adolescent. Support this statement with any two examples.

Ans: Role of Family environment:

i) Weak family bonds/ separated/divorced parents–insecure, aggressive, introvert, or rebellious, poor body image, and delinquent behaviour in adolescents. (Any other)
ii) Strong family bonds – stable and balanced personality /confident and positive body image (Any other Any one)

Suresh is often pressurized by his friends to take drugs. If you were Suresh, in which four ways would you have dealt with them?

Ans: Ways to deal with Peer Pressure

i) Share with elders
ii) Say ‘No’ firmly without feeling guilty
iii) Maintain a distance from such friends
iv) Make friends aware of its consequences
v) Approach a counsellor (Any other Any four)

SECTION C (3 Marks)

14. What three precautions each should be adopted while using chlorine tablets and storing this potable water in a container?

Ans: Precautions for using Chlorine tablets:

i) Use the correct proportion of tablet/one tablet (4mg) in 1 litre OR one tablet in 20 litres of water.
ii) Shake to ensure the tablet is dissolved.
iii) Leave for 10 minutes before consuming.
iv) In case of very dirty water, 2 tablets should be used.
v) Use fresh/not expired tablets
vi) Tablets should be dry
vii) The bottle should be recapped tightly (Any three)

Store water safely

i) Store in clean containers/ keep in a clean place.
ii) Cover purified water
iii) Use a long-handled dispenser to take out water.
iv) Do not dip fingers in water. (Any three)

15. Your brother has his own business. Suggest him two investment schemes which can give tax-free interest. Mention two other features of both these schemes.

Ans: Public Provident Fund (PPF) [1/2 Mark]

i) Loan
ii) Premature withdrawal
iii) Tax rebate
iv) High interest rate
v) Safe (Any two)

Life Insurance Corporation(LIC) [1/2 Mark]

i) Loan
ii) Tax rebate
iii) Life cover
iv) Easy Installments
v) Safe (Any other Any two)

Your father got ten lakh rupees on his retirement. Suggest him two post office schemes which can give tax rebate facility. Mention two other features of both these schemes.

Ans: National Saving Certificate (NSC) [1/2 Mark]

i) It is a five-year scheme
ii) Can take a loan against it
iii) No limit on investment
iv) No liquidity/ no premature withdrawal
v) Interest taxable
vi) Safe
vii) Accessible
viii) High rate of Interest (Any two) [1⁄2 ×2=1]

Senior Citizen Saving Scheme(SCSS) [1/2Mark]

i) Period — 5 years
ii) Minimum- 1000 and its multiples
iii) Max investment limit- 15 lakh
iv) High rate of interest
v) Interest paid quarterly
vi) Interest taxable
vii) Safe
vii) Accessible (Any two)

SECTION D (4 Marks)

16. What could be four possible causes of depression in adolescents ? Suggest four ways to help them.

Ans: Causes of Depression:

i) Broken home /conflicts at home
ii) Pressure of studies.
iii) Too high expectations from adults
iv) Heredity/ biological cause/ hormonal imbalance
v) Peer pressure/ rejection by peers
vi) Comparison/ partiality with others
vii) Identity crisis
viii) Mental and sexual abuse
ix) Any other (Any four)

Ways to Cope:

i) Counsel and guide her
ii) Provide support
iii) Keep her occupied constructively
iv) Sensitize the family
v) Keep a close watch on them
vi) Any other (Any four)

17. Consumer Protection Act has been made in favour of consumers. Tell them about its eight major salient features.

Ans: Salient features of the Consumer Protection Act:

i) It includes both goods and services
ii) It covers all the sectors, whether private, public, or co-operative
iii) Three-tier quasi-judicial machinery at three levels – District, State, and National
iv) Rights of consumers have been spelled out.
v) Nominal fee for filing in the courts.
vi) Timely redressal/ all cases settled in 3 to 5 months.
vii) Both compensatory and punitive (punishable)
viii) Courts to send notice to the opposite party within 28 days of the complaint/Opposite party to reply within 30 days.
ix) It is mandatory for both parties to attend all hearings
x) Can file online (Any eight)

Suggest four ways each a family can increase its money income and real income.

Ans: Ways to increase Money income-

i) Part-time jobs
ii) Rent out a portion of the house
iii) Take tuitions
iv) Make and sell articles/income-generating activities
v) Sound investments/ earn Interest
vi) Any other (Any four)

Four ways to increase real income-

i) Do your household work
ii) Borrow books from the library
iii) Use community facilities – use the local bus to travel instead of using your car
iv) Grow vegetables in your kitchen garden
v) Exchange goods and services/ barter system
vi) Fringe benefits (सहायक लाभ) – reimburse petrol bills, etc. (Any other)

18. Write two ill effects on health of consuming foods adulterated with kesari dal. Suggest six ways to safeguard against such menace.

Ans: Ill effects of Kesari Dal

i) Stiffening and pain in the knee and ankle joints
ii) Paralysis of limbs/ Lathyrism [1/2Mark each]

Ways to Safeguard

i) Buy products with a standard mark
ii) Buy sealed
iii) Buy from a reputed brand,
iv) Buy from reputed shops
v) File a complaint
vi) Be alert (Any six)

Identify one adulterant in your food which may be responsible for rashes on the exposed parts of your body. List four other health hazards if such foods are consumed continuously. Name three foods in which this adulterant may be found.

Ans: Argemone [1⁄2 mark]

Health Hazards:

i) Blindness
ii) Enlarged liver
iii) Respiratory distress
iv) Heart failure
v) Oedema (जल जमाव) (Any two)

Food adulterated with argemone:

i) Mustard oil
ii) Mustard seeds
iii) Mustard powder
iv) Mustard sauce (Any three )

19. Enumerate three malpractices a goldsmith can adopt to deceive the customers. What three steps can consumers take to protect themselves from these malpractices? Also, draw the standard mark that consumers should check for buying reliable gold.

Ans: Malpractices by Goldsmith:

i) Adulterates with brass/ Iridium/ any other metal
ii) Tampers with the weighing machine / Scale not start at zero
iii) Iron strings/ wires inside the hollow bangles
iv) Weighs gemstones at the price of gold
v) Sells 18 carat gold at pthe rice of 24 carat
vi) Too high making charges (Any three ) [1/2×3=11/2]

Steps taken by consumers:

i) Be alert
ii) Buy from reputed shops
iii) Buy only Hallmark jewellery
iv) File a complaint
v) Buy from reputed brands
vi) Take a bill (Any three)

Draw a symbol of quality given to agricultural products. Make consumers aware of three malpractices adopted by vegetable vendors. What are their three responsibilities in this context?

Ans:

Malpractices by vegetable vendors:

i) Used stones or hollow weights
ii) Kept the balance on a slope
iii) Hung iron rings
iv) Put a magnet
v) Sprinkle water / soak them in water (Any three ) [1/2×3=11/2]

Responsibilities of consumers:

i) Be alert — watch closely while he is weighing vegetables
ii) Refuse to buy if use stones / insist on using stamped weights.
iii) Check his balance for magnet, iron rings
iv) Buy from reputed shops/outlets
v) Report any malpractices
vi) Any other (Any three )

20. Your brother’s skin has become pale. Which disease does this symptom indicate? Mention three more specific symptoms which can help confirm your suspicion. Suggest four dietary changes for his meals.

Ans: Jaundice [1⁄2 mark]

Symptoms of Jaundice:

i) Whitish tongue.
ii) Yellowing of eyes
iii) White chalky stools
iv) Dark yellow urine
v) Excessive fatigue
vi) Low-grade fever
vii) Loss of appetite
viii) Nausea and vomiting (Any three ) [1/2×3=11/2]

Dietary Changes

i) Light and digestible meals
ii) High carbohydrate diet
iii) Plenty of fluids
iv) Liquid to soft diets at frequent intervals
v) Bland food /no spices
vi) Avoid fried foods/avoid too much oil
vii) Avoid processed foods
viii) Any other (Any four)

21. Which four qualities would you check to ensure a durable fabric for your shirt? Give four instructions to your tailor for its satisfactory workmanship.

Ans: Qualities for Durability

i) High thread count – more strong
ii) Origin of fibre- nylon /manmade strong, silk stronger
iii) Weave – plain/twill strong
iv) Yarn- blends stronger/ cord yarn – stronger than single ply
v) Filament – stronger than staple
vi) Finishes – mercerised strong (Any four) [1/2×4=2]

Workmanship of the shirt

i) Cutting of fabric along the grain
ii) Stitched with strong colourfast matching thread
iii) Button and button hole aligned with each other,
iv) Extra buttons
v) Stitches of hem are invisible from the right side.
vi) Interlocked seam/ French/ Run and Fell
vii) Placket/ neat and finished/ sufficiently overlapped
viii) Reinforced underarms/ pockets
ix) Bukram in Collar and Cuff
x) Collar should be flat on the bodice
xi) Print and pocket/ arm aligned with bodice
xii) Any other (Any four)

SECTION E (5 Marks)

22. Label is an important consumer aid. List its six advantages and four drawbacks.

Ans: Advantages:

i) Provide information on manufacturing and expiry date.
ii) Can complain to the address given
iii) Can check the standard mark for quality
iv) Batch/ Lot number -Can refer to this while complaining
v) MRP – Prices can be checked
vi) Can check whether Vegetarian/ non-vegetarian
vii) Ingredients — can be avoided if allergic to any
viii) Nutritional facts — can check nutrients
ix) Net weight/ volume can be checked
x) Precautions/ storage instructions
xi) Any other (Any six )

Drawbacks

i) Blurred print
ii) Overlapping print
iii) Printed in the local language
iv) Very fine print
v) Incomplete information
vi) Imitation of popular brands
vii) Any other (Any four)

23. Explain any five principles of development with the help of examples.

Ans: Principles of Development:

i) Development involves change – Eg, can see change in pictures (any other)
ii) Development is continuous and lifelong – Eg, Development starts from birth till death (any other)
iii) Development proceeds from general to specific, and development occurs from simple to complex – Eg: Every lady’s picture is a mother’s picture. Late,r he can differentiate between his mother and other women (any other)
iv) Development is multi-directional and follows a fixed pattern which can start either from head to toe – (i) cephalocaudal (मस्तकाधोमुखी) or (ii) inside to outside (proximodistal – निकट सेदरू का ववकास). (any other)
v) Development occurs in stages for different parts of the body- Eg, adult-sized hands and feet in adolescents (any other)
vi) Development is predictable – Eg, Birth weight doubles in five to six months and triples in one year.
vii) Development is due to maturation – Eg, able to stand up if leg muscles are strong. (any other)
viii) All domains of development are correlated – Eg, if deaf, speech is affected. (any other)
ix) There are individual differences in development – Eg, children of the same age have different height and weight. (any other)
x) Development is influenced by heredity and environment – Eg: (i) Heredity – same colour eyes as parents, (ii) Environment – Good Nutrition leads to good health (any other) (Any five with examples)

24. While removing stains from a cotton sari it got discoloured. Give six possible reasons for this. Which four precautions should be adopted while storing these?

Ans: Reasons for discolouration:

i) Did not remove when fresh
ii) Used the wrong chemical
iii) Did not test the chemical in the hidden corner of the fabric.
iv) Used strong chemicals
v) Chemical may be applied from the front side/ chemical is not applied from the back
vi) Worked in a circular movement starting from the centre to the outside
vii) Did not neutralize acid reagents with an alkaline or vice versa
viii) Did not rinse all traces of chemicals immediately after removing the stains (Any six)

Precautions for the storage of cotton sarees:

i) Remove starch before storing
ii) Wash them before storing.
iii) Dry completely
iv) Keep them in a dry box/ keep away from dampness
v) Spray boxes with insecticide/ neem leaves/ insect repellent
vi) Line boxes with newspaper/ change newspaper frequently (Any other)

25. Alka is designing a sari blouse for a woman who is short in height. How should she use the four elements of art for her? Illustrate three ways by which she can create rhythm in this dress.

Ans: Elements of art (कला केतत्व):

i) Line- vertical lines in sari / no border/narrow border
ii) Colour — sari and blouse matching/ same colours
iii) Texture- fine, clingy texture
iv) Shape and form- small prints [1⁄2 ×4=2]

Rhythm (लय) :

Note: Draw pictures showing rhythm in the following three ways

i) Repetition (दोहराना) – of embroidery, piping, colour, etc., at neckline, sleeves, and sari border (any other)
ii) Gradation (उतार चढ़ाव) – gradually increasing or decreasing size of motifs, lines, colors. texture in an orderly sequence. (any other)
iii) Radiation (ववककरण)-gathers in blouse, puff sleeves/ neckline, etc. (any other)
iv) Parallelism(समानता) – continuous flowing pleats in saree/ pin tucks in blouse (any other)
v) Alteration(अदल बदल) — alternate two designs in pleats, one plain, one printed (any other)
vi) Opposition(ववपरीत) – designs on opposite sides of the blouse should be continuous. (Any three)

Illustrate all five principles of design in a salwar kameez, with labels.

Ans: 1. Balance(संतुलन)— (Any one)

i) Formal Balance – similar motifs/trimmings /patterns on both sides of the
garment, sleeves/ any other
ii) Informal Balance – design on one side balanced by motif piping/pocket/ logo on the other side/ any other
iii) Radial Balance – design radiating from the centre or any one point

2. Rhythm(लय) — (Any one)