Writing a scientific paper in biology or any other subject can be a time-consuming and difficult task. If you are a newbie, it is can be tougher.
To make the process easier, you need to understand the format and construct a compelling and well-structured paper that easily conveys the findings. Here is your guide to how to write a scientific paper.
Why Is Writing a Scientific Paper Important in Biology?
Scientific papers share the new findings of research done by the scientific community. A well-crafted paper contributes to the broader knowledge which will allow fellow researchers to build more on your work. The neatly presented data in tables and their proper interpretations with added context and significance help to get a real idea about your approach to the particular topic.
How to Write a Scientific Paper
A typical scientific paper in biology follows a standard structure or an introduction, methods, results, and discussion. It is often abbreviated as IMRaD. Follow these steps to write a scientific paper.
1. Title and Keywords
Choose a concise and informative title for your paper. It should reflect the main focus of your study. Additionally, select 5-10 keywords that are relevant to your research to help index your paper in databases.
2. Abstract: The Overview of Your Paper
The abstract is a summary of your paper. It must have the research question, methods you used, key findings of your study, and conclusions. It must be around 150-250 words. The key here is to write it after you have completed the rest of your paper.
3. Writing the Introduction
This is where you give an introduction, state the research question, the significance of the topics and the basic information.
4. Outlining the Methods Section
This is where you explain how you conducted the research. Write this section in the past tense as it describes the research which is already done. It must be clear and detailed.
Use subheadings to break down the different parts as needed to make it easier to read and understand the process. You can use the headings such as
- Sample Collection
- Experimental Design
- Data Analysis
5. Presenting Your Results
Here, you will present data regarding the findings and results in paragraphs, pictures, tables, charts, etc. Using tables, graphs, and figures will help see your results.
Please remember that this is not where you discuss or interpret the findings. You have the next section for it.
6. Writing the Discussion
Interpretations of your findings are given here. You must state the significance of your study and suggest future directions for this research. You will discuss the implications of the findings and interpret it to address the research question. You can relate your findings to the literature reviews you have done. You can address the discrepancies or limitations in your study here in the discussion section.
Key points to cover in the discussion section
- Comparison with previous studies or literature.
- Explain the unexpected results you got.
- Provide suggestions for future research.
7. Conclusion
The conclusion is a summary of your findings and its implications. It must be precise and direct addressing your research question.
8. References Section
Providing proper citations of sources is important in writing a scientific paper. You must follow the citation style that your target journal demands. It is likely the APA, MLA, or Chicago style. You can use various reference management tools available online to properly organize and format your references.
9. Proofreading and Peer Review
Before you submit the paper, make sure to proofread it multiple times. Read the paper aloud so you can hear it. It will help you catch those minute errors which you are likely to miss otherwise.
The paper must be free of any grammar, spelling, or formatting errors. You can add a peer review here or ask a mentor to do the same. It will improve the quality of your manuscript.
10. Submitting to a Journal
Once your paper is proofread, reviewed and polished, send the manuscript to the scientific journal for submission. Ensure that you have followed all the guidelines stipulated by the journal and the formatting is in order before you submit.
Bottom Line
Writing a scientific paper requires careful planning. You must structure your writing properly with a clear presentation of your research findings. When you follow these steps, you will create a compelling manuscript that can communicate your findings effectively to make a great contribution to its field.
FAQs
- How long should a scientific paper in biology be?
While there are no specifications on the number of words for a sacrifice writing, it could be anywhere between 3,000 to 7,000 words, within the journal’s guidelines. The word count will also depend on the complexity of the research. - How to choose a good title for a scientific paper?
Your title should be precise, and informative at the same time, and reflect the focus of your study. It must also include relevant keywords. - How do I write a strong abstract?
A strong abstract must include the research question. It should have the various methods used for the research. Note the key findings before you conclude it. It should provide a brief overview of your study. - What citation style should I use for my biology paper?
The citation style is entirely dependent on the journal’s guidelines. - Is peer review necessary for scientific papers?
Yes, peer review helps ensure the quality and validity of your research before you submit it. - How do I handle conflicting results in my paper?
In case you have conflicting results, you must address them in your discussion section. You can provide explanations and offer suggestions. - Can I submit my paper to multiple journals simultaneously?
No, simultaneous submissions are not recommended and are not allowed. Submit your paper at a time to one journal. Wait for their response before submitting it to another journal.
